SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

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CONTROL TIMING REQUIREMENTS

Automation is usually necessary to provide regularity, synchronicity, and fast operations, and correct human actions, which can result in inconsistent and slower operations or cannot work in the necessary space.

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GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

Smaller systems can get away with using PLC-controlled processes. Larger systems will typically require mobile communications, leased lines, and packet switching. 

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HIERARCHY

Hierarchical systems are typically used to give operators a complete view and understanding of the system they are using with a supervisory control in a central location that can collect data from multiple areas.

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CONTROL COMPLEXITY

Simple controllers and algorithms assist control functions. Complex systems, such as air traffic control, need operators alongside the control functions to make sure that all of the processes are correct and consistent.

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AVAILABILITY

Reliability requirements are important in ICS design because the more up-time and availability a system has will also require more redundancy, which ensures network and system availability in case of a failure.

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IMPACT OF FAILURE

Failure of a control function can have a variety of impacts depending on the area of failure or the sector and higher impact of failure requires more redundancy and availability controls. 

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SAFETY

The system needs to be able to find unfavorable and unsafe conditions and needs to be able to create solutions to lower those conditions. Typically, operators are essential to the safety of a system with critical operations.